At Km. 88 of the Cusco-Quillabamba railway, which is approximately where the Historic Sanctuary starts on the east, you can find these settlements located on the middle and lower slope of the left embankment of the Urubamba river. Just as in the case of the right bank, the left one contains an important number of towns, all associated to sophisticated agricultural systems characterized by their size and complex irrigation systems. There is also evidence of a complex road system for linking the settlements.

The most important production areas are: Quente, Tarapata and Pacaymayo. They are formed by extensive systems of agricultural terraces, covering in each case an area of more than 1,000 meters long by 250 meters wide, and artificially irrigated.

Huayna Quente

This is a very extensive and well-designed settlement area on a hill, 2,800 meters above sea level. It is made up of four sectors of agricultural terraces and a fifth sector of dwellings. It is one of the most extraordinary examples of the sophisticated Inca technology for turning arid soil into fertile, productive earth. The urban cluster consists of more than a dozen rooms, haphazardly arranged. They are enclosures typical of Inca architecture. In general they are well preserved, so much so, that in some constructions the roofs are preserved together with the stone nails used to keep them in place.

Chacabamba

It is located at Km. 104 of the railway. This is one of the most important residential areas in the lower part of the valley, as it is a key point in the road network. Access to this place is along a branch road which goes down the valley and then branches off: one branch going to Huayna Quente and the other one to Puyupatamarca.

The place is made up of several enclosures, a huaca or ceremonial center (consisting of a big rock carved as a seat), water fountains and an area of agricultural terraces built on a plain.

Choquesuysuy

Located at Km. 107 of the railway to Quillabamba, this is another of the great towns connected to the huge network of the "Camino Inca". The place is divided into two sectors by a stream which flows down from Puyupatamarca and crosses Huiñayhuayna. The sector on the west side has the largest concentration of enclosures, in which the rooms show a very refined finish. Next to this sector, at the head of the stream, there are four water fountains and, at the back there is a great door where two roads begin: one goes to Huiñayhuayna through the gorge and the other one runs along the hillside to Quillapata.

Intihuatana

Near Km. 121 of the railway lies a ceremonial center of great importance, associated to an amazing set of agricultural terraces. The basic feature is its gigantic huaca, a stone block over 5 meters high, carved at different, uneven levels. Another important item here, showing exquisite workmanship, is a particularly beautiful water fountain of white granite, with four distribution holes. This is the crossing point of the "Camino Inca" from Ollantaytambo to Vilcabamba.